Apparatus for mixing fluids



July 12, 1938. y J. la.y ELLIOT Er L v .y 2,123,185

APPARATUS FOR MIXING FLUIDS Filed May 18, l935 ZTORNEY Patented July 12, 1938 i Y y 2,123,185;

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE APPARATUS FOR MIXING FLUIDS Jefferson B. Elliot and Fritz Klaeden,` San Antonio, Tex. l t

Application May 1s, 1935, serial Ne. 22,179

3 claims. (ci. 21o- 40) (Granted under the act of Maren 3, 1883; as

amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) This invention described herein may be manushaped end member (3) threadably connected factured and used by or for the Government for thereto. The frusto-conical bell shaped members governmental purposes, without the payment to (3) are provided with a boss (4) on their outer us of any royalty thereon. ends to which inlet and outlet pipes (5) and (6) introduction of foreign fluids into another fluid, adapted to be connected. Suspended within the more particularly it is directed to an apparatus body portion (I) is a centrally located longiof this character for introducing into water untudinally extending torpedo-shaped pendant der pressure, flowing in awater system, a foreign member ('I) which is partially circular at its 10 liquid miscible therewith for the purpose of remiddle portion and of a smaller diameter than l0 moving scale, rust or sediment therefrom, or the inner circular surface (8) of the body porfor purifying the water in said system, also for tion (I) for a purpose which will hereinafter introducing a liquid into steam or air `under appear.

p pressure, and for introducing one chemical into The torpedo-shaped pendant member ('I) is another chemical owing'in a chemical system formed integrally with a centrally depending 155 for the purpose of obtaining a controlled mixportion or member (I0) whereby a partial anture, nular enlarged area (li) is provided at the inid- One of the objects of the invention is to provide dle portion of the valve and is provided with a an improved valve which is so constructed that a pointed end portion (I I) which is substantially l2() uid flowing through said valve will cause an conical-shaped and a blunted end portion (I2) 20 other fluid to be introduced into the first menof a frusto-conical shape, The pointed end portioned uid. tion (I I) is formed with reversed curves to sub- Another object of the invention is to provide stantially conform to the inner curvature of the an apparatus for introducing a foreign fluid bell shaped end member (3) to which the inlet into a liquid system including an improved valve pipe (5) is connected Vthereby providing an arI- 25 for causing said fluid to be introduced into said nular area (9) which gradually increases in its system, said valve including means for controlcircumferential area from adjacent to the inlet ling the amount of foreign fluid to be introside of the valve to the enlarged area (9') in duced into said system. which it is in alignment and the blunted end With the above and other objects in view, the portieri (I3) iS 0f a greater length than Said 30 invention consists in certain novel details of pointed end portion and is curved outwardly construction, combination and arrangement of thereby providing an annular area (I3) which parts, to be hereinafter more fully described and gradually decreases in cross-section from the enspecically pointed out in the claims. larged area (5') in which it is in alignment to a `In describing the invention in detail referpoint (I4)of greatest restriction or the least cross- 35 ence is had to the accompanying drawing, forrnsectional area at its outer end adjacent to the ing a part of this specification, and wherein like Outlet side of the valve. These areas (9), (9') numerals of reference indicate corresponding and (i3) provide a Continuous paSSageWay fOr parts throughout the several views, in whichthe fluid under pressure flwillg hrOllgh the Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus va1ve,the said passageway beine annular except 4b with the improved valve thereof shown in secat the middle portion of the valve, where it is tion, and only partially annular. By this construction the Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus with Stream. ol fluid flowing through the Valve iS parts of the valve broken away. caused to be confined to a path which is cylin- In the illustrated embodiment characterizing drical except Where the Supporting member (l0) 45 the invention A indicates generally the improved fOr the pendant (I) clases a part of the cylinvalve for causing a predetermined quantity of drical path, the Said path inluding the graduforeign fluid to be introduced into a, Confined ated enlarged area (9) and the area (I3) which stream of fluid such as water which is under is decreasingly graduated to the point of pressure and B indicates a container which may greatest restriction. A passage I5 is provided 50 be provided for the foreign fluid to be introduced in the blunted end portion (I2) which leads into the uid stream by said valve. inwardly from the center at the outer end there- The valve A comprises a body portion (I) of in an upward direction into a bushing (I6) provided with a flange (2) on each side thereof, mounted in a central bore (I'I). having a hollow substantially frusto-conical bell The upper end of the bushing (I6) is thread- 55 This invention relates to an apparatus for the respectively, of a uid distributing system, are 5f ably connected to the `upper end of the bore (Il) and has a flange (I8) provided thereon for the application of a wrench, and the lower end thereof is closed except for an aperture (I9) provided adjacent the inner end of the passage (I5) and a valve opening (I9) which is adjacent the inner end of a passage (29) which leads outwardly from the lower end of the bore (I'I) into a tapped opening (2l) to which one end (22) of piping (23) is connected, the other end of said piping (23) being suitably connected to the lower end of the container B for the foreign fluid, whereby fluid in the container is adapted to enter the valve A through the passage (20) through the valve opening (I9') into the lower end of the bushing (I6) and thence through the aperture (I9) into the passage (I5), leaving at the outer end of the blunted portion (I2) of the pendant member ('I) where it is adapted to enter the liquid stream flowing through said valve.

rIhe amount of foreign fluid entering the valve A is under the accurate control of a needle Valve (24) which is mounted on the valve body (I), between the passages (I5) and (29) and threadably connected to a packing gland (25) the lower end of the needle valve (24) cooperating with the valve opening (I 9) on the lower closed end of the bushing (I6). The packing gland (25) is in the form of a stud and has one of its ends threadably connected in the upper end of the bushing (I6) and is provided with a packing cap (26) on the other end thereof.

The container B for the foreign liquid which is preferably made of glass is suitably connected to the other end of the piping (23) and is mounted within a holder (21) A suitable check valve (28) is provided in the piping (23) to prevent back flow. n order to show the amount of flow to be controlled by the valve A the glass container B is provided with a graduated scale (29). An aperture (39) is provided in the holder (21) for viewing the liquid in the glass container B.

When the device is employed for introducing a fluid such as air into liquid under pressure, the container B may be dispensed with and the device opened to the atmosphere through the check valve (28).

In operation, after the pressure and flow of the liquid such as water flowing in the system is determined at the point where valve A is to be installed therein, the amount of foreign iiuid required te be introduced into the water is then calculated for the maximum water flow through the valve. The needle valve (24) is then adjusted and set for the amount of foreign fluid to introduced in the system. The water entering the valve A through the end member (3) to which the inlet pipe (5) is connected is caused by the pointed end portion (I I) of the pendant member ('I) to enter the increasingly graduated annular portion (9) of the passageway for the fluid as indicated by the arrows, and to flow into the partial annular enlarged area (9') whereby the volume of the fluid is greatly increased and thence through the decreasingly graduated area (I3) to the point (I4) of greatest restriction where it enters the outlet pipe (6) of the water system which leads to utilization points therefore. At the point (I4) of greatest restriction, this area may be made variable for obtaining high velocities from different initial pressures of the fluid in the conduit. As long as the water flows through the valve, fast or slow, the initial pressure of the fluid flowing in the conduit acting upon the enlarged area (9') creates a very high velocity at the point (I4) of greatest restriction and a reduction in the water pressure and a vacuum is created by the greatly increased velocity of the water through the restricted area (I4) (Venturi principle) which is at the point where the foreign fluid enters the water stream from the outer end of the passage (I5) provided in the blunted end portion (I2) of the pendant member ('I). Should the water flow stop, the flow of the foreign fluid therein would also stop, the check valve (28) stopping any back flow as the pressure of the water builds up again, thereby eliminating the possibility of water entering the fluid container B. By this construction no pressure is required on the fluid in the container to force the fluid into the valve. The action of the valve is strictly the Venturi principle wherein the pressure of the liquid in the main conduit due to its construction creates a great reduction in the initial pressure and also a vacuum at the point of greatest restriction, thereby allowing the fluid in the container to flow into the valve under its own static head or even be drawn into the valve by the vacuum. This last feature however, depends upon the variable vacuum created by the variable initial pressure; in other words, the greater the initial pressure the greater the vacuum will be developed.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a highly novel and useful form of valve, which is well adapted for all the purposes designated, even though it has been described as comprising certain details of construction, it is nevertheless to be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A valve for the introduction of a fluid into a stream of a second fluid under pressure adapted to flow through said valve, comprising a substantial hollow body portion having an inlet and outlet provided thereon, a centrally located member provided in said body portion, said member having ends forming a passageway with the inner surface of said body portion for said second fluid, one of the ends of said member being substantially conical-shaped and another thereof being substantially in the shape of a frustum, the said conical-shaped end of said member terminating adjacent to the inlet side of said body portion and the said frustum-shaped end of said member terminating closely adjacent to the outlet side of said body portion, a central bore provided in said body portion and extending into said member, a bushing provided in said bore', passageways for said first mentioned fluid provided in said body portion and member, one of said last mentioned passageways leading from the outer surface of said body portion to said central bore and another of said passageways leading from said bore to the outer end of said frustum-shaped end of said member, a valve opening provided in said bushing and a needle valve between said last mentioned passageways threadably connected to said bushing and adapted to control said valve opening.

2. An apparatus for the introduction into a stream of fluid under pressure flowing in a conduit, of a second fluid miscible therewith, cornprising in combination a valve including an inlet and outlet side and forming a part of said conduit, a body portion provided on said valve, a pendant member provided in said body portion, a passageway for the stream of fluid owing through said Valve formed by said pendant member, said passageway having a graduated enlarged area, a point of restriction and an area decreasingly graduated to said point of restriction, a central bore provided in said Valve, a bushing in said bore, an aperture and valve opening in said bushing, passageways for said second fluid provided in said valve, one of said passageWays leading from the point of restriction of said decreasingly graduated area to the aperture in said bushing and another of said passageways leading from said bore to the outer surface of said valve, a container for said second fluid, piping connecting said container to said last mentioned passageway, a check valve in said piping and a needle valve between said last mentioned passage- Ways for controlling said valve opening.

3. Apparatus for mixing one fluid with another under pressure comprising in combination; a casing having a longitudinal annular passage for the pressure fluid; a chamber for the second fluid having a conduit leading into the casing; a pendant body in the casing projecting into the outlet end of said annular passage; an outlet passage for the second fluid extending through said body and discharging into the pressure fluid, saidv body being shaped to reduce the cross-section of the stream of the pressure fluid and produce a suc-` tion or ejector effect at the outlet of the conduit for the second fluid, and a manually operable valve to control the flow 0i` the second fluid through said conduit.

JEFFERSON B. ELLIO-T. FRITZ KLAEDEN. 

